Trauma symptom inventory free download

It measures aspects of posttraumatic stress as well as other symptoms found in some traumatized individuals. Respondents are asked to rate how often they have experienced each symptom in the last two months using a 4-point frequency rating scale ranging from 0 "never" to 3 "often".

According to the authors, this measure is intended exclusively for research purposes. Elliot, D. Briere, J. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4, Norris and Hamblen PDF p. Norris, Fran H. Standardized self-report measures of civilian trauma and PTSD. Wilson, T. Martin Eds. F, K and L would converge the acute phase through to social reinstatement of the with TSI validity scale i. Experiences of interpersonal violence i.

Three distinct participant groups were Runtz, Respondents are asked to rate items on recruited see Table 1 for detailed demographic data. The researchers, in three Italian geographical location goodness of translation was verified by a back-translation North, Center and South at the university or at work from Italian to English, conducted by a native English or in social centers.

Traumatic experiences were reported speaker unfamiliar with the English version of the TSI. The Italian TSI version was adapted and repro- cence and adulthood was reported by A raw score of 19 or 23 respect- women and 7. The PK scale had a years, S. Traumatic experiences were stressful events: intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal.

Table 1. Internal consistency internal reliability alpha ranging from 0. The IES-R was completed by all samples.

Each item consists of adjectives or brief statements cient. High scores indicate more severe psychological among validity and clinical TSI scales were performed. Each The extraction method of factors was the item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from Maximum Likelihood with Varimax rotation.

The global indices measure current or past level of maximum likelihood estimation with EQS Because of significant reported symptoms, respectively. The BSI is the short multivariate non-normality skewness and kurtosis , version of the SCL-R Derogatis, , which model fit was first determined with the Satorra— measures the same dimensions. To further assess lation and medically ill patients e.

Grassi et al. Models were compared using AIC Procedure index Akaike, , with smaller values indicating Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Subjects completed the TSI Italian version as part of a battery that included demographic data and the self- report measures of trauma exposure. Table 2. Convergent validity Validity scales convergent analyses are reported in Table 6. Given inequality of variances across Table 3.

Trauma symptom inventory Table 4. The boldface numbers correspond to the largest correlations among the scales. Games—Howell post-hoc test e. Field, Specifically, just to generic clinical symptoms. Discriminant The exploratory factor analysis of TSI scores in our classification analysis showed that an optimally overall sample yielded two independent factors.

Table 5. Table 6. DIS 0. Overall, only such model pro- ; Snyder et al. The internal consistency Nevertheless, AIC scores indicated a better fitting of reliabilities of the 10 clinical scales are from adequate the 3F model against the 2F one. Similar results have been sis, we analysed the suggestions provided by Wald obtained in some previous works e.

Means S. Trauma symptom inventory expected direction, with the exception of RL and F measures the specific components of post-traumatic ones that are not associated in our study. Snyder diagnosed participants obtained significant higher et al. Indeed, the TSI provides information regard- scores on all the clinical scales of TSI compared to ing both PTSD-related and other trauma-related mental both clinical and non-clinical samples. Effect size health symptoms usually experienced by trauma vic- scores confirm the good capacity of TSI to discriminate tims, such as: anger and irritability, depression, dis- between PTSD and non-PTSD, and discriminant func- sociation, impaired self-functioning, sexual problems tion analysis indicates a classification accuracy of TSI and behaviors used to reduce negative affect.

These data reflect the sensitivity by the TSI has resulted in the use of this measure as a of TSI to the effects of a variety of different traumatic broad spectrum measure of complex post-traumatic out- events interpersonal or non-interpersonal trauma , comes e. The incorrect predictions some limitations that should be considered.

For of TSI 8. Accordingly, the TSI has an high sen- assesses post-traumatic symptoms but not trauma sitivity as regards non-clinical identification According to this, in a recent review while a quite low specificity for clinical symptoms about population exposed to mass conflict and displa- However, while this could suggest a low dis- Finally, the present findings do not completely sup- crimination of the symptoms they are expected to port the three intercorrelated factor models originally measure, such findings were expected considering pre- proposed by Briere Despite the results of vious works e.

Briere, An explanation is that some works Briere et al. Conversely, a revised model, in post-trauma. As a result, the TSI scales should be con- which self and dysphoria were merged, while modify- sidered as a set of indexes to assess various post- ing trauma factor and introducing sex problem factor, traumatic dimensions and their affective correlates. Finally, while a limitation of the TSI could be It should be noted that such a model could be theoreti- its length i.

Trauma factor comprises intrusion, avoid- 20 min to complete for all the most traumatized or ance and hyperarousal symptoms, features that mostly clinically impaired individuals and can be scored in characterize a trauma according to DSM-IV-TR defi- 10—15 min. Finally, sex concerns and dysfunctional ing commonly associated symptoms with post- sex behaviors can be reasonably considered as impor- traumatic clinical conditions.

This is quite relevant tant features for specific traumatic experience of sexual given the scarcity of validated, accurate and reliable abuse, thus remaining as a separate dimension both post-traumatic self-report instruments in Italy.

The However, as with any self-report measure, it is not suf- idea of a unique factor that includes sex-related scales, ficient to establish a diagnosis of PTSD, but it would be as in the 3F-R model, is coherent with the TSI-A, a a useful component of a comprehensive PTSD assess- item alternate version of the TSI proposed to assess ment battery e.

Results of our study extend the general- and DSB scales are not present. References Field A ed. Sage Publications: London, UK. American Psychiatric Press: Akaike H Factor analysis and AIC. Psychometrika 52, Washington, DC. Giannantonio M ed.

Psicotraumatologia e Psicologia American Psychiatric Association Ecomind: Salerno IT. Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Inner representations, Revised.

EQS structural Equations Program community sample of trauma survivors. Basic and Applied Manual. Multivariate Software: Encino, CA. Social Psychology 27, — Bradley R, Follingstad D Styles of coping with cancer: the Italian violence, a pilot study. Mini-MAC Scale. Psycho-Oncology 14, — Briere J ed. Fit indices in covariance Manual. The trauma model misspecification.